Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cissus aralioides Methanol leaf extract and antimicrobial application
1 Department of Industrial Chemistry, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Delta State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria.
Research Article
International Journal of Scientific Research Updates, 2026, 11(01), 020-033.
Article DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2026.11.1.0013
Publication history:
Received on 27 January 2026; revised on 06 March 2026; accepted on 06 March 2026
Abstract:
Materials manipulated to nanoscale have demonstrated to have improved properties, and functionality in several applications. In this study, Cissus aralioides leaf was extracted with methanol through Soxhlet extraction method. The extract was utilized in a biosynthetic process with silver nitrate, under regulated temperature and constant monitoring, to obtain the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The NPs was characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometer, FT-Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, Powered X-ray Diffractometer (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Then, the NPs' antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococus aureus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus, was conducted using Agar-well diffusion method, at 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/mL. The biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles showed a wavelength max of 375 nm with a calculated bandgap energy of 3.30 eV, suitable for nanoelectronic applications, and semiconductor fabrications. Numerous bands of functional groups, including O-H, C=O, C-H, and others, were visible in the FTIR spectrum. The NPs also displayed an uneven and rough surface for the SEM data, and the predominant element was silver (89.87 %), as shown by the EDX result. Its average crystalline size was 22.52 nm, with mean particle size calculated from TEM image at 3.20 nm. The AgNPs demonstrated strong effects against the microbes, with the highest activity against the Candida albicans. The highest sensitivity was at 22 mm, and the estimated minimum inhibitory concentration was 100–200 mg/mL. Amid other promising applications, the NPs has proven that it can be used to control pathogenic microbes.
Keywords:
Cissus aralioides; Methanol extract; Silver; Nanoparticles; Microbes; Antimicrobial activity
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