Interaction between orexin and N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptors in hypertensive and normotensive rats: an insight into predictive biomarkers for hypertension
School of Life Sciences and the Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney Australia.
Review
International Journal of Scientific Research Updates, 2021, 01(02), 001–010.
Article DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2021.1.2.0022
Publication history:
Received on 02 July 2021; revised on 06 August 2021; accepted on 09 August 2021
Abstract:
High Blood Pressure also known as hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common lifestyles based chronic diseases. HTN is a high-risk contributing factor towards stroke or any other cerebrovascular disorder (CVD). Many endogenous chemicals are involved in HTN such as orexin (also known as hypocretin), which is a neuropeptide produced by the neurons located mainly in the hypothalamus. Other areas of the brain such as Locus coeruleus (LC) and Rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and endogenous chemicals such as neurotransmitters, hormones and enzymes are also directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of HTN.
We are essentially focusing on the orexin neurons that are activated by a type of glutamate receptor known as N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA). This review will discuss the role of molecules such as m-calpain and Jacob, produced because of the interaction between orexin and NMDA receptors in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats.
Keywords:
Hypertension; Biomarkers; SHR and WKY rats; LC and RVLM regions; Orexin; NMDA; m-Calpain and Jacob
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