Bioactive compounds in corn and their potential role in chronic disease prevention: A systematic review
1 Academic Area of Chemistry, Autonomus University of the State of Hidalgo. Kilometer 4.5 Pachuca – Tulancingo Highway, Carboneras Neighborhood, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México. ZIP 42184.
2 National School of Higher Studies, Mérida Unit. Tablaje Catastral N°6998, Mérida-Tetiz Highway Km. 4.5, Municipality of Ucú, Yucatán, México, ZIP 97357.
2 National School of Higher Studies, Mérida Unit. Tablaje Catastral N°6998, Mérida-Tetiz Highway Km. 4.5, Municipality of Ucú, Yucatán, México, ZIP 97357.
Review
International Journal of Scientific Research Updates, 2025, 10(02), 041-054.
Article DOI: 10.53430/ijsru.2025.10.2.0048
Publication history:
Received 27 October 2025; revised on 06 December 2025; accepted on 09 December 2025
Abstract:
Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries such as Mexico. Corn (Zea mays L.), a staple food with profound cultural and nutritional significance, contains bioactive compounds recognized for their health benefits. This systematic review evaluates the scientific evidence on corn-derived compounds and their role as nutraceuticals in the prevention and control of NCDs. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in Scopus and Google Scholar (2018–2025) in English and Spanish. 53 studies were identified, and 33 were analyzed in detail, including in vitro, in silico, and review articles. Bioactive compounds, including anthocyanins, carotenoids, polyphenols, phytosterols, dietary fiber, resistant starch, fatty acids, and peptides, exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, and microbiota-modulating effects. These mechanisms are linked to the prevention and control of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. While preclinical evidence strongly supports the nutraceutical value of corn, clinical studies in humans remain scarce, underscoring the need for translational research. Promoting the consumption of native corn varieties, particularly in Mexico, could contribute to more sustainable, equitable, and culturally relevant public health strategies to reduce the growing burden of NCDs.
Keywords:
Corn/Maize; Bioactive Compounds; Anthocyanins; Carotenoids; Chronic Disease Prevention; Systematic Review
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