Spectral identification of epinephrine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations using the oxidative coupling reaction
Collage of Education – Tuz Khurmatu, Tikrit University, Salah Al-Din, Iraq.
Research Article
International Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research Updates, 2026, 07(01), 072–082.
Article DOI: 10.53430/ijcpru.2026.7.1.0046
Publication history:
Received on 23 June 2026; revised on 29 July 2026; accepted on 31 July 2026
Abstract:
In this research, a precise and straightforward analysis method has been proposed to quantitatively analyze selected decongestants and antitussives such as epinephrine hydrochloride in pure and medicinal forms. In this method, the oxidative coupling reaction of p-aminophenol is achieved with the use of potassium iodate in the presence of hydrochloric acid solution. Various experimental conditions such as concentration of reagents, acidity, temperature, time, and stability have been explored and optimized. The technique showed good linear calibration graph in the range of 5–50 µg/mL at λ= 550 nm with high accuracy, precision and sensitivity with LOD of 0.1301 µg/mL and LOQ of 0.3680 µg/mL. Application to commercial syrup preparation showed good percentage recoveries, indicating that the accuracy of the technique and showing no interference due to commonly used excipients. Thus, the developed method is very easy, economical and appropriate for routine quality control studies in pharmaceutical laboratories.
Keywords:
PPE; Pharmaceutical; Hydrochloride; Epinephrine; Reagents; UV Absorbance; Spectrophotometric; Drug
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